世界衛生組織稱，每年有近4億個可治療的性傳染病新病例發生

Megan Brooks； 2019年6月6日，資料來源：世界衛生組織公報，財團法人台灣紅絲帶基金會編譯

根據世界衛生組織（WHO）的最新全球數據，全球每天有超過100萬人感染披衣菌、淋病、滴蟲病或梅毒，這四種可治癒的性傳染病（STI）每年新增病例超過3.76億。

「在阻止全球性傳染病蔓延方面上我們看到了缺乏進展。這是一個警覺性的呼籲，要求各方努力確保每個人都能在預防和治療這些造成人們衰弱的疾病上獲得所需的服務」，世衛組織的彼得.薩拉馬在一份聲明中說。

該研究於6月6日在世界衛生組織公報線上發表。它提供了2016年於15至49歲男性和女性當中，其披衣菌、淋病、滴蟲病和梅毒等泌尿生殖系統感染的盛行率和發生率的全球估計值。

對於女性，全球盛行率估計披衣菌為3.8％，淋病為0.9％，滴蟲為5.3％，梅毒為0.5％。男性的相對應比率分別為2.7％，0.7％，0.6％和0.5％。

世界衛生組織生殖健康與研究部的醫學流行病學家Melanie Taylor ( 醫師，公共衛生碩士 )及其同事在他們的文章中報導：2016年這四種性傳染病的新發病例總數為3.76億，其中包括1.272億例披衣菌，8,690萬例淋病，1.56億例滴蟲病和630萬例梅毒等新發病例。

泰勒在新聞發布會上說，根據最新數據，平均而言，全球每25個人中大約會有1個人感染四個性傳染病當中至少的一個疾病，有些人甚至同時感染了多種性病。

危險，持久延續和隱藏的流行

泰勒表示，自世界衛生組織的最近的數據於2012年公佈以來，這些性傳染病的全球負擔「非常高」，而且「沒有實質性下降」。

這四種性傳染病與「污名[和]羞恥相關，並且它們是隱藏的或沉默的，因為大多數患者在感染時沒有明顯症狀，並且會將感染傳染給他們的伴侶，而且女性亦可能在不知不覺中將這些感染傳染給他們的嬰兒」，泰勒說。她並指出，在2016年僅梅毒這一疾病，就造成了約200,000例死產和新生兒死亡。

「這是一種在全球範圍內持續存在既危險且無聲的流行」泰勒說。

「性傳播之感染無處不在，但他們沒有得到足夠的重視，而且我們未能做好預防工作」，世界衛生組織醫務人員Teodora Wi醫師在簡報會上表示。「我們持續去污名感染者，對於我們這些醫療服務提供者，應將性病與為其他任何的感染症等同對待，不要成為污名的來源。我們需要公開、誠實地談論性傳染病。

「我們必需找到更好的方法來預防、診斷、篩檢和治療性傳染病。我們需要一站式服務去提供更價廉、負擔待起、且即時可得的檢驗」，她補充道。

世界衛生組織公報，於2019年6月6日發佈。

Almost 400M New Cases Annually of Four Curable STIs, WHO Says

Megan Brooks; June 06, 2019

Every day, more than 1 million people around the world contract chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, or syphilis, amounting to more than 376 million new cases annually of these four curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs), according to new global data from the World Health Organization (WHO).

“We’re seeing a concerning lack of progress in stopping the spread of sexually transmitted infections worldwide. This is a wake-up call for a concerted effort to ensure everyone, everywhere can access the services they need to prevent and treat these debilitating diseases,” the WHO’s Peter Salama said in a statement.

The study was published online June 6 in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization. It provides global estimates of the prevalence and incidence of urogenital infection with chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, and syphilis in men and women aged 15 to 49 years in 2016.

For women, global prevalence estimates are 3.8% for chlamydia, 0.9% for gonorrhea, 5.3% for trichomoniasis, and 0.5% for syphilis. The corresponding rates in men are 2.7%, 0.7%, 0.6%, and 0.5%.

Total estimated new incident cases of these four STIs in 2016 were 376.4 million, including 127.2 million cases of chlamydia, 86.9 million of gonorrhoea, 156 million of trichomoniasis, and 6.3 million of syphilis, Melanie Taylor, MD, MPH, medical epidemiologist with the WHO’s Department of Reproductive Health and Research, and colleagues report in their article.

On average, roughly 1 in 25 people globally have at least one of the four STIs, according to the latest figures, with some experiencing multiple infections at the same time, Taylor said during a press briefing.

Dangerous, Persistent, and Hidden Epidemic

The global burden of these STIs is “incredibly high,” said Taylor, and there has been “no substantial decline” since the last WHO figures were published in 2012.

These four STIs are associated with “stigma [and] shame, and they are hidden or silent because most patients do not have symptoms when they become infected, and they transmit the infection to their partners, and women may transmit these infections to their infants unknowingly,” said Taylor. Syphilis alone caused an estimated 200,000 stillbirths and newborn deaths in 2016, she noted.

“This is a dangerous and silent epidemic that is persistent globally,” said Taylor.

“STIs are everywhere, but they are not given enough attention, and we are failing in prevention,” Teodora Wi, MD, WHO medical officer on STIs, said during the briefing. “We continue to stigmatize people who are living with them. For our healthcare providers, treat STIs like any other infection; do not be the source of stigma. We need to talk openly and honestly about STIs.

“We need to find better ways to prevent, diagnose, screen, and treat STIs. We need point-of-care tests that are cheap, affordable, and available,” she added.

Bull World Health Organ. Published online June 6, 2019.

Medscape Medical News © 2019 

Cite this: Almost 400M New Cases Annually of Four Curable STIs, WHO Says – Medscape – Jun 06, 2019.